all about wiring diagram

Batteries often serve as the main energy source for portable electronic devices. Although they depend on batteries, portable consumer electronic products, such as GPS devices and multi-media players, often consume energy directly from an ac-dc wall adapter or accessory power adapter (or “Auto Adapter”) when the battery is low or the device is in a stationary mode. Due to their cost effectiveness over their useful life, rechargeable batteries are often used for the power source of the portable electronic device.

 

Attributes such as “relatively high energy density” and “maintenance free” make Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) batteries popular in the portable consumer electronic products. Refer to the application note, AN1088, “Selecting the Right Battery System For cost Sensitive Portable Applications While maintaining Excellent Quality” (DS01088) for characteristics of Li-Ion batteries. Some examples of how to properly design with Li-Ion batteries will be discussed in this application note. [Link]

Individual solar-panel systems produce dc power for remote applications while also storing energy in a rechargeable battery supported by a battery-charger IC. In non-utility grid applications solar panels produce dc power for emergency roadside telephones, navigation buoys, and other remote loads. Virtually all 12-V-system solar panels comprise a series of photovoltaic cells that have a maximum output power of less than 25 W.

In producing this power the solar-panel system uses a battery to provide power when the panel is “dark.” The rechargeable battery can supply power for long periods of time, requiring a charger that can properly operate a solar panel. Meeting this need is Linear Technology’s LT3652 monolithic buck-charger IC, which operates with a single solar panel.

The IC uses average-current-mode control-loop architecture to provide constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) charge characteristics with a programmable charge current. The charger can be programmed to produce a 14.4-V float voltage. Housed in a 3- × 3-mm DFN-12 package, the IC can charge a variety of battery configurations, including up to three Li-Ion/Polymer cells in series, up to four Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) cells in series, and sealed lead-acid batteries up to 14.4 V. [Link]

Using this charger, you can safely charge up to two pieces of Ni-Cd cells or Ni-MH cells. The circuit is compact, inexpensive and easy-to-use.The 230V AC mains is down-converted to 12V AC (at 500 mA) by step-down transformer X1, converted into pulsating DC voltage by diodes D1 and D2, and fed to the battery charger terminals via current-limiting resistor R1 and silicon-controlled rectifier SCR1.

SCR1 is at the heart of the charger. Normally, it conducts due to the gate biasing voltage available through resistor R2 and diode D3, and the battery is in charging mode, which is indicated by LED1. Resistor R2 limits the charging current to a safe value. Charging current of this circuit is about 250 mA.